Wind Power generation has emerged as one
of the most rapidly growing renewable energy technologies. The
estimated power generation capacity inIndia through wind is about 45,000
MW. The installed capacity is about 1,870 MW, which is about 4% of
the total estimated potential.
Globally, wind generation capacity has
increased by 27% in the year 2002 and is expected to expand 15 – fold
in the next 20 years. Wind energy technologies have matured and
large capacity wind turbines in the range of 1.25 to 1.65 MW
are now being manufactured in India.
The productivity of
larger capacity machines is higher than that of smaller
machines. Minimum wind velocity required for power generation is
about 2.5 m/s and the maximum could be 30 m/s.
Energy generation for 1 MW turbine could
be about 28 to 30 lakhs units per year, with a plant load factor of 25 to
30% Among the different renewable energy sources, wind energy is
currently making a significant contribution to the installed capacity of
power generation, and is emerging as a competitive option. The programme
covers research and development, survey and assessment of wind
resources, implementation of demonstration and private sector
projects and promotional policies. As a result, India,
with an installed capacity of about
3000 MW, ranks fifth in the world after Germany, USA, Spain and Denmark in
wind power generation.
Small wind energy systems,
namely water pumping windmills, aero generators and wind-solar hybrid
systems can also be used for harnessing wind power potential, in addition
to the large capacity wind turbines. These systems have been found to
be very useful for meeting water pumping and small power requirements in
decentralised mode in rural and remote windy areas of the country, which
are un-electrified or have intermittent electric supply